Disciplinary regimes in the Panamanian education system. Los regímenes disciplinarios en el sistema educativo panameño.

Abstract

The disciplinary regimes in the panamanian educational system, during the republican period, have two moments of regulation. The first (1958-1965) shows a greater balance between two components: the content of rights, highlighting the right of association, and the content of prohibitions and sanctions. The second (1990-1997) stands out for the weakening of the right of association, and in general, of the content of rights, together with an emphasis on prohibitions and sanctions. It is striking that this situation occurs with the "return to democracy", initiated by political actors who "fought against an authoritarian regime", when the State of Panama ratified various human rights instruments. In both moments of regulation, the language used stands out for its laxity, which translates into openness to the discretion of the authorities. It is necessary to adapt the disciplinary regimes of the Panamanian educational system, so that coexistence in school is carried out in accordance.